Beware of Ghosts, Goblins and Ghouls!
by Steve Bonspiel photos by Danielle Valade

From its early Celtic beginnings to the present-day ritual of dressing up as a blood-sucking vampire or a cackling witch -all in a quest for sweet tooth-numbing candy - Halloween has come a long way.

The word itself actually has its origins in the Catholic Church, according to the website wilstar.com. The following is an excerpt from that website:

It comes from a contracted corruption of All Hallows Eve. November 1, "All Hollows Day" (or "All Saints Day"), is a Catholic day of observance in honour of saints. But in the 5th century BC in Celtic Ireland, summer officially ended on October 31st. The holiday was called Samhain (sow-en), the Celtic New year.

One tale says that the disembodied spirits of those who had died throughout the preceding year would come back in search of living bodies to possess for the next year. It was believed to be their only hope for the afterlife. The Celts believed all laws of space and time were suspended during this time, allowing the spirit world to intermingle with the living.

Naturally, the still living did not want to be possessed. So on the night of October 31, villagers would extinguish the fires in their homes, to make them cold and undesirable. They would then dress up in all manner of ghoulish costumes and noisily paraded around the neighborhood, being as destructive as possible in order to frighten away spirits looking for bodies to possess.

Probably a better explanation of why the Celts extinguished their fires was not to discourage spirit possession, but so that all the Celtic tribes could relight their fires from a common source, the Druidic fire that was kept burning in the Middle of Ireland, at Usinach.

Some accounts tell of how the Celts would burn someone at the stake who was thought to have already been possessed, as sort of a lesson to the spirits. Other accounts of Celtic history debunk these stories as myth.

Today, the Halloween tradition has become less about spirits and folklore and more about cavities and, well the kind of spirits that you drink instead of trying to scare away. Although some people do get very scary after one too many spirits.

The custom of Halloween was brought to America in the 1840's by Irish immigrants fleeing their country's potato famine. At that time, the favorite pranks in New England included tipping over outhouses and unhinging fence gates.

The custom of trick-or-treating is thought to have originated not with the Irish Celts, but with a ninth-century European custom called souling. On November 2, All Souls Day, early Christians would walk from village to village begging for "soul cakes," made out of square pieces of bread with currants. The more soul cakes the beggars would receive, the more prayers they would promise to say on behalf of the dead relatives of the donors. At the time, it was believed that the dead remained in limbo for a time after death, and that prayer, even by strangers, could expedite a soul's passage to heaven.

The Jack-o-lantern custom probably comes from Irish folklore. As the tale is told, a man named Jack, who was notorious as a drunkard and trickster, tricked Satan into climbing a tree. Jack then carved an image of a cross in the tree's trunk, trapping the devil up the tree. Jack made a deal with the devil that, if he would never tempt him again, he would promise to let him down the tree.

According to the folk tale, after Jack died, he was denied entrance to Heaven because of his evil ways, but he was also denied access to Hell because he had tricked the devil. Instead, the devil gave him a single ember to light his way through the frigid darkness. The ember was placed inside a hollowed-out turnip to keep it glowing longer.

The Irish used turnips as their "Jack's lanterns" originally. But when the immigrants came to America, they found that pumpkins were far more plentiful than turnips. So the Jack-O-Lantern in America was a hollowed-out pumpkin, lit with an ember.

Halloween Safety Tips:

Here are a few tips for parents and kids to have a happy, fun and safe Halloween, taken from the website HYPERLINK "http://www.sosnet.com" www.sosnet.com.

- Carry a flashlight

- Walk, don't run

- Stay on sidewalks

- Obey traffic signals

- Stay in familiar neighborhoods

- Don't cut across yards or driveways

- Wear a watch you can read in the dark

- Make sure costumes don't drag on the ground

- Shoes should fit (even if they don't go with your costume)

- Avoid wearing masks while walking from house to house

- Carry only flexible knives, swords or other props

- (If no sidewalk) walk on the left side of the road facing traffic

- Wear clothing with reflective markings or tape

- Approach only houses that are lit

- Stay away from, and don't pet animals you don't know

Parents:

- Make your child eat dinner before setting out

- Children should carry quarters so they can call home

- Ideally, young children of any age should be accompanied by an adult

- If your children go on their own, be sure they wear a watch, preferably one that can be read in the dark

- If you buy a costume, look for one made of flame-retardant material

- Older children should know where to reach you and when to be home

- You should know where they're going

- Although tampering is rare, tell children to bring the candy home to be inspected before consuming anything

Look at the wrapping carefully and toss out anything that looks suspect